Injuries

Muscle strains are very common sports-related injuries and can arise from excessive stretching while the muscle is activated. The result is a rupture or tears in the muscle fibres, the surrounding sheath as well as nearby capillaries. Strains are more common for muscle groups that cross two joints, such as the rectus femoris (quadricep muscle) which crosses …

The shoulder joint has the greatest freedom of movement compared to any other joint in the body. To achieve this wide range of motion, however, there is a compromise in stability, making this joint vulnerable to injury. A very common type of shoulder injury is shoulder tendonitis. Sports that are upper body dominant and place …

Osteitis pubis is a groin injury characterized by pelvic pain in the pubic symphysis joint and joint dysfunction. The pubic symphysis is a fibrocartilaginous joint that unites the two pubis bones of the pelvis, resists shearing and compression but is able to widen during pregnancy. While the mechanism by which this injury occurs is not …

The greater trochanter is a projection in the upper head of the thighbone, near the hip joint, and is the site of attachment for five muscles. Around these bony protrusions and surrounding soft tissues are fluid-filled sacs called bursae, and these provide cushioning. Trochanteric bursitis is a common condition of the hips that leads to …

Groin strain accounts for 2 to 5 percent of all sports-related injuries and is more prevalent in sports such as fencing, high jump, hurdles, handball, ice hockey, cricket, calisthenics, and football. Although it has a low incidence rate, groin pain is frustrating to diagnose even for experienced physicians, due to the complex anatomy of the …

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is described as pain behind the kneecap (the patella) and around its peripheral due to various biomechanical and anatomical abnormalities. Pain usually worsens with activity, especially when ascending or descending steps or a hill and running, and is also aggravated by prolonged periods of sitting with the knees bent. One or …

The meniscal tear, which is usually due to excessive force applied to the thighbone and shinbone, is one of the most common injuries of the knee, with an incidence rate of 2 per 1,000 patients per year in Netherlands, and accounting for 25,000 hospital admissions per year in England and Wales. Despite its relevance, there …

What is DOMS? If an individual participates in a form of exercise that they are unaccustomed to, it may lead to muscle soreness and as expected, athletes are familiar with this kind of phenomenon. Delayed onset muscle soreness can be categorised as acute or delayed-onset, depending on when it occurs in relation to the time …

Osgood-Schlatter Disease occurs wherein the immature skeleton, the head of the shinbone, or tibia, is not fully fused with the long midsection of the bone, and lying between these two sections is a growth plate from which new bone is formed, thereby allowing longitudinal growth. Around the age of 5-10 years, a protrusion forms just below …

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is found in the jaw region, between the mandible (lower jawbone) and the temporal bone (temple). Between the two bones is an articular disc that cushions the interaction between them and allows for the hinge and sliding motions as the lower jawbone moves. This disc is void of blood vessels and …